Scotticisms. 



WILL in the first person, as I will walk, we will 
walk, expresses the intention or resolution of the 
person, along with the future event: In the second and 
third person, as, you will, he will, they will, it expresses 
the future action or event, without comprehending or 
excluding the volition. 



Shall in the first person, whether singular or plural, 
expresses the future action or event, without excluding 
or comprehending the intention or resolution. But in 
the second or third person, it marks a necessity, and com­
monly a necessity proceeding from the person who 
speaks; as, he shall walk, you shall repent it. 


THESE variations seem to have proceeded from a po- 
liteness in the English, who, in fpeaking to others or of 
others, made use of the term will, which implies voli­
tion, even where the event may be the subject of neces­
sity and constraint. And in speaking of themselves,
made use of the term, shall, which implies constraint,
even tho' the event may be the object of choice.


Wou'd and shou'd are conjunctive moods, subject to
the same rule ; only we may observe, that in a sen­
tence, where there is a condition exprest, and a conse­
quence of that condition, the former always requires





shou'd, and the latter wou'd, in the second and third per­
sons; as, if he shou'd fall, he wou'd break his leg, &c.


These is the plural of this; those of that. The for­
mer therefore expresses what is near. The latter what 
is more remote. As, in these lines of the duke of Buck­
ingham.


" Philosophers and poets vainly strove, 
" In ev'ry age, the lumpish mass to move. 
" But THOSE 'were pedants if compar'd with THESE, 
" Who knew not only to instruct but please. 


WHERE a relative is to follow, and the subject has 
not been mention'd immediately before, those is always 
requir'd. Those observations which he made. Those 
kingdoms which Alexander conquer'd.


IN the verbs, which end in t, or te, we frequently o­
mit ed in the preter-perfect and in the participle; as,
he operate, it was cultivate. Milton says, In thought
more elevate; but he is the only author, who uses that
expression.


Notice shou'd not be us'd as a verb. The proper
phrase is take notice. Yet I find lord Shaftesbury uses
notic'd, the participle: And unnotic'd is very common.


Hinder to do is Scotch. The English phrase is hinder
from doing. Yet Milton says, Hinder'd not Satan to
pervert the mind. Book IX.







conform to conformable to

friends and acquaintances friends and acquaintance

maltreat abuse

advert to attend to

proven, improven, approven prov'd, improv'd, approv'd

pled pleaded

incarcerate imprison

tear to pieces tear in pieces

drunk, run drank, ran

fresh weather open weather

tender sickly

in the long run at long run

notwithstanding of that notwithstanding that

contented himself to do contented himself with do­
ing

'tis a question if 'tis a question whether

discretion civility

with child to a man with child by a man

out of hand presently

simply impossible absolutely impossible

a park an enclosure

in time coming in time to come

nothing else no other thing

mind it remember it

denuded divested

severals several

some better something better

anent with regard to

allenarly solely





alongst. Yet the English say
both amid and amidst, a­
mong and amongst along

evenly even

as I shall answer I protest or declare

cause him do it. Yet 'tis
good English to say, make
him do it. cause him to do it

marry upon marry to

learn teach

there, where thither, whither

effectuate. This word in
English means to effect
with pains and difficulty effect

a wright. Yet 'tis good
English to say, a wheel-­
wright, &c. a carpenter

defundt deceast

evite avoid

part with child miscarry

notour notorious

to want it to be without a thing, even
tho' it be not desirable

to be difficulted to be puzzled

rebuted discouraged by repulses

for ordinary usually

think shame asham'd

in favours of in favour of

dubiety doubtfulness 





 
prejudge hurt

compete enter into competition

heritable hereditary

to remeed to remedy

bankier banker

adduce a proof produce a proof

superplus surplus

forsaulture forfeiture

in no event in no case

common soldiers private men

big with a man great with a man

bygone past

debitor debtor

exeem'd exempted

yesternight last night

big coat great coat

a chimney a grate

annual rent interest

tenible argument good argument

amissing missing

to condescend upon to specify

to discharge to forbid

to extinguish an obligation to cancel an obligation

to depone to depose

a compliment a present

to enquire at a man to enquire of a man

to be angry at a man to be angry with a man

to send an errand to send off an errand

to furnish goods to him to furnish him with goods






to open up
Thucydide, Herodot, Sueton to open or lay open
Thucydides, Herodotus, Su­
etonius

butter and bread bread and butter

pepper and vinegar vinegar and pepper

paper, pen and ink pen, ink and paper

readily probably

on a sudden of a sudden

as ever I saw as I ever saw

for my share for my part

misgive fail

rather chuse to buy as sell rather chuse to buy than 
sell

deduce deduct

lookt over the window lookt out at the window

a pretty enough girl a pretty girl enough

'tis a week since he left this tis a week since he left this 
place

come in to the fire come near the fire

to take off a new coat to make up a new suit

alwise always

cut out his hair cut off his hair

cry him call him

to crave to dun, to ask payment

to get a stomach to get an appetite

vacance vacation